Non Fungible Token
Let’s go deep into the history of the infamous Non-Fungible Tokens.
Before we dive deep into the grassroots of the famed Non-Fungible Tokens, also known as NFTs, we shall first talk about what it is, what it’s like, and what are its use-cases in the ever-developing digital world we are currently living in.
Non-fungible tokens are tradable digital assets that contain data that essentially states, “The owner of a computer file, saved in this place, is the person in charge of this crypto wallet address.” NFT files of the computer could be anything from an image to a GIF, short video, or audio clip. Each copy of the image of each NFT is distinguishable from the other 1000 pieces based on the unique type of data (referred to as metadata) that each NFT token contains that even if you create 1,000 copies of the same image or file and mint the same number of NFTs, you represent ownership of them.
NFTs are based on the blockchain, the same technology that enabled cryptocurrencies. The most well-known cryptocurrency may be Bitcoin, but the majority of NFTs are bought using ether (also spelled eth) and are based on the Ethereum blockchain through internet stores like OpenSea, Rarible and Nifty Gateway, among others. Before you can store the various cryptocurrencies required to buy NFTs, you need a cryptocurrency wallet. Through well-known exchanges like Metamask, Coinbase, and Kraken, as well as investment apps like Robinhood, SoFi, and Webull, you can create your personal digital wallet and purchase and store your digital assets.
NFTs gives players and collectors the chance to build and pay for facilities like casinos and theme parks in virtual worlds as well as become the immutable owners of in-game objects and other special assets. In-game cash, costumes, and avatars are also among few examples of the unique digital objects that players or owners can sell on the secondary market. For artists, the ability to sell artwork in digital form directly to collectors across the world without utilizing an auction house or gallery allows them to keep a considerably larger share of the earnings they generate from sales.
Now that we have understood the gist of NFTs, it is time to look into its history and emergence. This article talks about the time NFTs emerged and how they came into being. Moreover, it gives a comprehensive timeline of the progression of its upcoming digital currency.
Experiments in NFTs started with the appearance of colored coins on the Bitcoin network. These coins are the first ones to exist and are made using small denominations of a Bitcoin. This denomination can be as small as a single Satoshi, the smallest denomination as a fraction of a Bitcoin. Colored coins are utilized to signify a number of assets and have numerous use cases, such as:
• Property
• Coupons
• Ability to issue your own cryptocurrency
• Issue shares of a company
• Subscriptions
• Access tokens
• Digital collectibles
Colored Coins illustrated an enormous leap in Bitcoin’s proficiencies, though their shortcoming was that they could only signify specific values if everybody settled on their worth. Bitcoin’s scripting language was never destined to empower this kind of behavior within its system; therefore, Colored Coins were only as influential as their feeblest participant.
For instance, three individuals agree that 100 Colored Coins symbolize 100 shares of a company. If even one participant elects they no longer compare Colored Coins to characterize company shares, the complete system is destroyed.
The earliest mention of Colored Coins seems to initiate from a blog in 2012 by Yoni Assia called “Bitcoin 2.X (aka Colored Bitcoin) — initial specs.” He discourses Colored Coins in the post, however, not in reference to them signifying numerous assets or use cases. In its place, he states that since Colored Coins are Bitcoins that were part of the “Genesis transaction,” they are exceptional and distinguishable from regular Bitcoin trades. The perspective of these new assets was not discovered until the publication of a paper titled “Overview of Colored Coins” by Meni Rosenfeld on December 4.
Flaws of Colored Coins’ are apparent; the system worked best in a permissioned setting which implies, in some areas it is better to just use a databank. However, Colored Coins unlocked the door to additional research and positioned much of the foundation for NFTs. The huge potential of tapping real-world assets onto distributed ledgers was apparent; nevertheless, the application necessitated a more flexible blockchain.
The formation of Colored Coins led numerous individuals to comprehend the enormous potential for dispensing assets onto blockchains. Nonetheless, individuals also understood that Bitcoin itself, in its present form, was not preordained to empower these additional features. In 2014, Adam Krellenstein, Robert Dermody, and Evan Wagner established Counterparty: a peer-to-peer financial platform and distributed, open-source Internet protocol created on top of the Bitcoin blockchain. Counterparty permitted asset formation and had a decentralized exchange. It also allowed a crypto token with the ticket XCP. The system had several assets and projects, such as meme trading and a trading card game.
Users can build their own currencies inside the Bitcoin blockchain using Counterparty. In this way, Counterparty is similar to platforms like Waves or Ethereum. Of course, the difference is Counterparty integrates directly with Bitcoin. Therefore, it comes will all the security and reliability (and issues) that are part of the Bitcoin blockchain. Any Bitcoin address can accept, store, and send tokens to any other Bitcoin address. The BTC balance of any specific address is not linked to the counterparty tokens. This implies that the balance of tokens is unaffected by transferring or receiving Bitcoins. The capacity to produce, send, trade, and pay distributions on assets in a totally decentralized and trustworthy manner is one of the functionalities added by Counterparty. Even though Counterparty has its own internal currency (XCP), trading and asset creation just cost the standard Bitcoin transaction fees.
The game designers of Spells of Genesis were not only innovators for delivering in-game assets on the blockchain system via Counterparty, but they were also among the primary ones to inaugurate an ICO. Early on, in reality, ICOs were then denoted as crowdfunding. Spells of Genesis sponsored expansion by initiating a token known as Bit Crystals utilized as the in-game currency.
Spells of Genesis, which debuted in 2017 for mobile devices, is one of the original games in the blockchain industry. Non-fungible tokens were first presented in this mobile game. The Bitcoin Counterparty blockchain was utilized in place of Ethereum for that. The project was put on hold, restarted, and even had some play-to-earn mechanics added throughout the years. These efforts to make money, nevertheless, were only fleeting.
In August of 2016, Counterparty partnered with the famous trading card game Force of Will to introduce their cards on the Counterparty network. Force of Will was the 4th rated card game by sales in North America, only after Pokemon, Yu-Gi-Oh, and Magic: The Gathering. This occasion was imperative since the Force of Will was a big mainstream establishment with no previous cryptocurrency or blockchain experience. Their entry into the system gestured the value of placing such resources on a blockchain.
Force of Will sells cards in more than 30 countries, and as previously mentioned, it held the fourth spot in North America for sales volume, which debuted in February 2015 and also became immediately popular. Within the first year of its release in North America alone, it had amassed 1,000 official distributors, and it expanded quickly throughout the rest of the world. Force of Will chose to employ the Counterparty protocol as a relatively new game in the Bitcoin business because they were inspired by the Blockchain. Eiji Shishido, the CEO of Force of Will, stated in a news release that he thinks there are many similarities between the two and that the Force of Will philosophy is uniting the world.
It was just about time before memes began to move to the blockchain. In October of 2016, individuals started to issue “rare Pepes” on the Counterparty network as possessions. A rare Pepe is a kind of meme containing Pepe the Frog character. These memes have a strong fan following. There is even a kind of meme exchange known as the Rare Pepe Meme Directory. As if being on the Bitcoin blockchain is not enough, the Rare Pepe Meme Directory has “specialists” that confirm the individuality of these memes. Originality aside, this specimen drives the argument home that individuals are looking for unique digital items. Today, Counterparty has several projects designed on its platform, and many of them contain NFT-type assets. One of the first memes to be sold on eBay was Rare Pepes.
The first Ethereum-based NFT testing was CryptoPunks which comprised 10,000 exceptional collectible punks. Each one of these has a set of distinctive features. Designed by Larva Labs, CryptoPunks featured an on-chain market that can be utilized with wallets such as MetaMask, reducing the entry barrier to interrelate with NFTs. With Ethereum becoming prominent in early 2017, memes began to be merchandized there as well. In March of 2017, a development by the name of Peperium was publicized to be a “decentralized meme marketplace and trading card game (TCG) that allowed anyone to create memes that live eternally on IPFS and Ethereum.” Like Counterparty, Peperium also had a related token, with the ticker mark of RARE utilized for meme formation and paying listing fees.
Surprisingly, John Watkinson and Matt Hall (the two founders of Larva Labs) allowed anyone with an Ethereum wallet to claim a Cryptopunk for free. Within no time, all of these 10,000 Cryptopunks were claimed and began a flourishing secondary market where individuals bought and sold them. Captivatingly enough, Cryptopunks did not shadow the ERC721 standard, as they did not develop it; however, they were also not wholly ERC20 due to its restrictions. Therefore Cryptopunks can best be labeled as an ERC721 and ERC20 mixture. To date, Cryptopunks is still one of the most renowned and influential NFTs in the digital market. It has become a part of the social status game as only a handful of people have them or can afford to purchase them.
CryptoKitties was the primary project to take NFTs into the mainstream. Established in late 2017 at the ETH Waterloo hackathon, CryptoKitties characterized a primeval on-chain game that permitted consumers to breed digital cats together to generate new cats of variable rarity. CryptoKitties is a blockchain-based virtual game that lets players assume, increase, and trade virtual cats.
Even though some in the gaming society later categorized CryptoKitties as “not a real game,” the team did a lot to create on-chain game mechanics, given the blockchain’s design restraints. Maybe it was because the game was blocking and slowing down the Ethereum blockchain. Or perhaps because individuals were making extraordinary profits by trading them.
Some Virtual Cats Were Being Traded for Over $100,000
The popularity of CryptoKitties was aired on every news channel. It was because they built an on-chain breeding algorithm, concealed in a closed-source smart contract that decided the genetic code of a cat (which in turn determined its “at- tributes”).
The team also guaranteed the unpredictability of the breeding via a sophisticated incentive system and had the farsightedness to backup specific low-ID cats for future use as advertising tools. Finally, they founded a Dutch auction agreement that later became one of the main price detection mechanisms for NFTs. The extraordinary forethought of the CryptoKitties team provided NFT space a major lift early in its lifecycle. We believe the virility of CryptoKitties can be boiled down to:
Speculative mechanics:
The trading and breeding mechanics of CryptoKitties resulted in a clear path to revenue: purchase up a couple of cats, breed them to make a scarcer cat, flip the cat, replicate or purchase up a rare cat and try to find a buyer who would be willing to acquire the cat. This powered the development of a breeder society; consumers devoted to flipping and breeding rare cats. The prices would continue to increase as long as new users come in and play the games. At the peak of the obsession, CryptoKitties saw approximately 500 ETH in capacity ($110,000 at the time of sale). The trade was later beaten by the 600 ETH sale of Dragon, which was $170,000 at the time.
Viral story
Another reason for its success was its story. CryptoKitties were delightful, shareable, and fun — and the idea of purchasing a $1,000 digital cat was so ridiculous that it made a fantastic news story. Moreover, the smart contract’s persistent consumers “broke Ethereum,” which made for a tale great in itself. Given that Ethereum could only process a restricted number of trades at a time (approximately 15 transactions in a second), increased quantity on the network directed a growing impending transaction pool and augmented gas prices. Every day average pending transactions increased from 1,500 transactions to 11,000 trades. New possible cat purchasers paid incredibly high fees and waited hours on end for their trades to be established.
These reasons resulted in the “CryptoKitty bubble”: new demand incoming to the CryptoKitty world, fees mounting, and escalating prices attracting new demand. Like everything, this bubble also popped. In early December, average kitty values began to drop, and volume deteriorated. Numerous people realized that the CryptoKitties gameplay that was primeval compared with “real games” would not preserve a broader audience beyond speculators. Once the originality wore off, the market grieved.
Despite the market dip, the early days of CryptoKitties delivered a magical moment for many. For the first time, a team had arranged a non-financial blockchain-based app that prepared its way to the technological mainstream, although only for a couple of weeks. Subsequent to CryptoKitties, NFTs experienced an additional small publicity cycle in 2018 as entrepreneurs and investors began to think about a new method to own digital stuff.
The era after CryptoKitties saw the rise of ground-breaking “layer two” games; those are games that were designed on top of CryptoKitties by third-party designers with no association with the first CryptoKitties team. The charm of CryptoKitties was that these kinds of experiences could be established “permissionless”: creators could just layer their own apps on top of the community CryptoKitty smart agreement. CryptoKitties can, in some sense, assume a life of their own out of their original setting. Kitty Race, for instance, permitted individuals to race their CryptoKitties against one another to win ETH, and KittyHats allowed users to decorate their CryptoKitties with paintings and hats. Later, Wrapped Kitties joined Defi by enabling you to turn your CryptoKitties into fungible ERC20 tokens that could trade on decentralized exchanges. This had all kinds of stimulating consequences for the CryptoKitty marketplace. Dapper Labs (the recently founded company behind CryptoKitties) encompassed these developments with the creation of KittyVerse.
This time period also saw the rise of “hot potato” games. In January 2018, a game known as CryptoCelebrities sprung up. The mechanics were easy. First, purchase a collectible celebrity NFT. Instantaneously, the celebrity becomes available (or “snatchable”) for a higher price, increasing the preceding price. When somebody purchases your celebrity, you make the alteration between your acquisition price and the new buying price (except for a developer fee). As long as somebody is willing to purchase your celebrity, you will profit. Though, if you are caught as the last one holding the celebrity, you will experience a loss.
The CryptoCelebrity mechanic appeared to be tremendously viral owing to this speculative mechanic, with personalities such as Donald Trump vending for exceedingly high prices (123 ETH, or $137k at the time). While the CryptoCelebrity game probably damaged the space generally, we essentially think testing with auction and pricing mechanics is an exhilarating piece of the design space for NFTs.
Crypto funds and venture capital also grew inquisitive regarding the NFT space in early 2018. CryptoKitties raised approximately $12 million from top-tier stockholders and an additional $15 million in November. Rare Bits, established by the co-founders of Farmville, received $6 million in early 2018, and the blockchain game studio Lucid Sight raised $6 million.
After some time, Forte also raised a $100 million blockchain gaming fund with Ripple. Immutable (the company that created Gods Unchained) also received a $15 million raise from Galaxy Digital and Naspers Ventures. Mythical Games also raised $19 million, directed by Javelin Venture Partners, for a flagship Blankos Block Party game on EOS.
After a tiny hype cycle in early 2018, NFT developments settled down, and people went back to construction. Teams such as Neon District and Axie Infinity, which had gotten their jump just after CryptoKitties, doubled down on their core groups of fanatics. NonFungible.com began a tracking stage for NFT markets and congealed the term “non-fungible” as the primary term to explain the new asset category. The NFT ecosystem has experienced tremendous growth over the past two years. The facility now houses more than 100 projects, and more are being developed. NFT marketplaces are booming, with OpenSea and SuperRare leading the way in terms of growth. Compared to other crypto exchanges, the trade volumes are modest, but they are expanding quickly and have come a long way. Entry into the NFT ecosystem has becoming simpler as Web3 wallets like Metamask advance. Additionally, Dapper Labs released a Dapper wallet that doesn’t require gas charges.
The art world began to get excited regarding NFTs at this time. Digital art seemed to be a natural fit for non-fungible tokens. A central piece of what makes physical art appreciated is the capability to dependably verify the proprietorship of work and exhibit it anywhere, which has not been as true in the digital arena. A group of eager digital artists commenced experimenting.
Digital art arenas also arose. SuperRare, MakersPlace, Known Origin, and Rare Art Labs all constructed platforms devoted to issuing and learning about digital art. Other performers, such as Josie and JOY, organized their own smart agreements, producing real brands in the space. Cent, a social network with a unique micro-payment structure became a prevalent society for people to share and converse crypto art.
The use of blockchain can alleviate some of the power big collectors and dealers hold over the art world, shifting some of the power back to the artists. The move cuts out the mediators in the middle who often seek to take out a big cut of the profit made on an art sale, and this means the artist is of high advantage.
For art investors, a model over blockchain would provide more incentive to provide a backing for new and promising talent, taking advantage of the art valuation growth by joining an artist in the beginning. Art collectors pay ridiculous sums of six to eight-figure values to acquire a piece of art when often the works they purchase can be seen and shared online for free.
The NFT artwork craze is attracting groups of artists and investors, speculators, and their imaginings seeking to get rich off the NFT idea, while a subtle emergence of a new economy is rising.
These platforms ensured the ease for anyone to mint an NFT, irrespective of whether or not they had the improvement skills to organize a smart agreement. In mid-2018, Digital Art Chain was established to permit users to mint NFTs from any digital image that they uploaded. This was the first development of its sort. The same year, a project known as Marble Cards created an exciting twist, permitting users to generate inimitable digital cards dependent on their URL in a procedure known as “marbling.” It has led to some arguments in the digital art world regarding the “marbling” of crypto art.
By 2019, minting apparatuses developed considerably, though they still confronted resistance in the onboarding procedure. Mintable and Mintbase built websites devoted to making it easy for ordinary individuals to generate their own NFTs. The Kred platform also allowed influencers to easily develop collectibles, their business cards, and even create coupons. Kred also aligned with CoinDesk’s Consensus conference to generate digital NFT “Swag Bag” stuffs for attendees. And OpenSea formed a basic storefront manager to arrange a smart contract and mint NFTs into it.
By 2020, these platforms evolved and emerged, along with Cargo and Rarible. These platforms had more features for unlockable content, bulk creation, and rich media. It permitted digital creators, artists, and even musicians to mint NFTs deprived of having to plug in a smart contract. Till the end of the year, OpenSea eradicated the requirement to pay gas prices linked with minting, making NFT formation free.
Three trademark applications for NFTs were submitted to the USPTO in 2020. By 2021, there were more than 1200 trademark applications pending. In the U.S. in January 2022, The NYSE, Star Trek, Panera, Walmart, Elvis Presley, Sports Illustrated, Ticketmaster, and Yahoo are among the expanding number of trademarks being trademarked for NFTs. In the first few months of 2021, interest in NFTs rose as a result of several high-profile sales and art auctions.
After CryptoKitties, traditional IP proprietors made numerous forrays into the crypto collectible universe. The MLB joined with Lucid Sight to inaugurate MLB Crypto in April 2018 with a fundamentally on-chain baseball game.
Formula 1 aligned with Animoca Brands to establish F1DeltaTime featured a $100k sale of the 1–1–1 car motorized by OpenSea. Star Trek initiated a set of ships of Lucid Sight game CryptoSpaceCommanders, and quite a few registered football trading card organizations came online, comprised of Sorare and Striking. Lately, Panini America, one of the biggest sellers of physical collectibles, has proclaimed a blockchain-based exchange card collectible. MotoGP is also occupied with Animoca to cultivate a blockchain game.
Japanese games have found the path for more progressive user gameplay tempting to the early adopter user group. MyCryptoHeroes, an RPG game, showed a refined in-game economy, originated on the scene and endures to be on top of the charts of DappRadar. Moreover, MyCryptoHeroes was one of the initial games to syndicate on-chain proprietorship with more cultured off-chain gameplay. Consumers could utilize their heroes in the game and then transmit them to Ethereum when they desired to trade them on secondary marketplaces.
New blockchain-native virtual worlds began NFTs for land proprietorship and in-world assets. Decentraland raised $25M in an ICO for its MANA token and jolted off a $10M land sale for correspondences in their virtual reality metaverse. Virtual world NFTs saw a higher trading volume compared with other NFTs for the majority of 2018.
Cryptovoxels, an alternative virtual world scheme, took a somewhat leaner tactic. Establishing a very easy webVR capability in mid-2018 and run by a sole developer, CryptoVoxels has progressively extended its universe, cautious not to vend more land than surpasses demand. Nowadays, CryptoVoxels has done over 1,700 ETH incapacity, and the average value of land has progressively increased.
The most exhilarating component of CryptoVoxels (in addition to Decentraland) is the capability to boost your NFTs in the world. Collectible fanatics have developed Cyberpunk art galleries, CryptoKitty museums, an NFT initiation calendar, towers occupied with the top NFT schemes, and in-world stores where you can buy wearable things for your avatar.
The CryptoVoxels setting is mounting rapidly amongst digital artists and principally among users of Cent, a new content network concentrated on the crypto crowd. Some performers are even generating their own currencies, or “social money,” utilizing Roll, an application that makes it easy to organize a new ERC20 token and tap their art up for auction in their social currency.
Other virtual world developments have also come onto the scene, comprising High Fidelity ad Somnium Space, a venture from the makers of Second Life. The Sandbox lately propelled a land sale for its Roblox-like universe intended to authorize content creators and builders. It’s one of the most popular blockchain games as of this writing.
Trading card games seemed like an expected fit for NFTs from the start. A physical card game such as Magic the Gathering is a lot more than just a game. It’s a whole economy, with lots of companion marketplaces and sites for purchasing, retailing, and exchanging. While the digital counterparts of Magic, such as Hearthstone, could hypothetically create an in-game market for their cards, such an endeavor would be burdensome and would certainly not align with the trade model of selling new packs. Blockchain allows prompt secondary markets that can function out of the game.
Subsequent to their $5 million card presale, Immutable initiated Gods Unchained, debatably the most glorified blockchain game on the marketplace nowadays. They moved into the mainstream gaming arena when Hearthstone, a digital dealing card game barred one of their expert players for an on-stream radical protest in Hong Kong.
Numerous other card games have been silently building devoted followings. Skyweaver by Horizon Games gained a $3.75 million seed round, Epics became the first blockchain-based collectible Esports trading card, and CryptoSpells — a retailing card game from Japan has blazed the path in the Japanese trading card marketplace.
Ranking as the third biggest NFT “asset class” (subsequent to gaming and digital art) is naming services that are comparable with “.com” domain names, however reliant on decentralized technology. Ethereum Name Service, which came into play in May 2017 and is sponsored by the Ethereum Foundation, had 170,000 ETH caged from 2017–2018 in names (effective bids are locked up in an agreement so long as the bidder holds the domain itself). ENS offers decentralized naming for your websites, wallets, and more. Users may search their preferable domain with the Ethereum Name Service search bar, register the same by defining years, and start using it in every transfer. Furthermore, users may also utilize their ENS domain to store their address and receive tokens and cryptocurrency NFTs, among others. The team upgraded the ENS smart agreement in May of 2019. At this time, it became compatible with ERC721. This implied that names could be natively traded on open NFT markets.
Recently, Unstoppable Domains came on the scene with a more venture-backed method to decentralized naming schemes, gaining a $4M Series A from Draper Associates and Boost VC. Formerly structuring on the Zilliqa blockchain, Unstoppable Domains lately launched the .crypto domain as an ERC721 asset. The Kred team has employed NFTs that are compatible with both DNS and ENS. Having a Kred Domain Token in the wallet gives you access to handles that name on both DNS (connecting to a website) and ENS (linking to a contract or wallet).
While most of the testing in NFTs has been in games and collectibles, other use cases are slowly appearing online. Token Summit and NFT.NYC both vended tickets to their occasion as NFTs and the Coin. Kred squad released an “NFT swag bag.” Binance was lately involved in issuing holiday collectibles, and Microsoft formed Azure Heroes, badges for sponsors to the Azure network.
Crypto Stamp — a plan by the Austrian Postal facility — provided buyers of official, physical stamps a suitable way into the digital collectibles’ ecosphere. Every physical stamp contained a unit with a muddy, scratch-off casing. Underneath the scratch-off region, buyers would discover a private key that detained a small quantity of ETH and a digital equivalent of the physical stamp. This could be used to list for auction on OpenSea. The development was fascinating given that it knotted the shortage of digital assets with valuable physical assets and engaged a prevailing society of collectors.
Dapper Labs, the inventors of CryptoKitties, established a tournament-style game known as CheezeWizards. Fascinatingly, the game had a problematic split that steered the existence of both “pasteurized” and “unpasteurized” wizards, owing to an early bug in the smart agreement. Exhibiting intricate on-chain gameplay, the development emphasized the requirement for more standardization of NFT metadata, the ability to ensure that auctions are appropriately updated, and contract upgradeability when essential characteristics of the items alter.
These years were not without fatalities. Approximately all of the Hot Potato games that were launched in early 2018 are now departed (even though the assets are still live for watching on OpenSea). Captivatingly, some of these developments were carried back to life by society members. Both Etheremon and CryptoAssault have been revitalized by their community. There was also an unsuccessful effort to bring CryptoCelebrities back to life via a celebrity breeding game.
The history of non-fungibles dates back further than the majority of people realize. The first efforts at NFTs are dated in the 2012–2013 Colored Coinage; however it is believed now, in 2022, we are still in its infancy. Regardless of the enormous growth experienced in the last few years, the space is still tremendously young, and development will only endure.
In reality, it is believed that the NFT ecosystem’s progression will speed up as more individuals and organizations understand the effect that NFTs can have and implement them more. Future possibilities in the NFT field are endless as we start to move from an experimental to a mainstream era. Since Bitcoin, other blockchain-based decentralized financial systems have made considerable advancements. The market is no longer the only option for international investors to make money.
Despite these developments, the blockchain industry is not without flaws. Numerous projects are forgoing token sales in favor of venture finance for the same reasons. However, NFTs might help business owners and investors find better deals. Traditional methods of investment monitoring and other forms of token issuance are ineffective and costly.
Designers will persist in generating innovative usages, and interoperable substances will be a total game-changer. The speculation is that in the next five years, the NFT space will look fundamentally different than today.
